MRI of Lung Morphology and Perfusion

Abstract

The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the chest is becoming more frequent and standard examination protocols are now available for various diseases. Given the lack of ionizing radiation exposure, this technique is especially well suited for examinations of children. MRI provides good visualization of the lung parenchyma, especially in the setting of diseases associated with air space filling, like pneumonia, or severe airway abnormalities, like cystic fibrosis. Functional information regarding chest wall, diaphragmatic, and airway motion during free breathing can be acquired with MRI. Furthermore, lung perfusion can be assessed with good spatial and temporal resolution. Lung perfusion determined by MRI is a promising functional biomarker for assessing disease severity and monitoring treatment response. This chapter will provide examination protocols, clinical indications, and imaging findings for typical applications of MRI for investigating lung morphology and perfusion.