Abstract
In this paper, we propose an alternative method to improve magnetoresistance by inserting a thin ferromagnetic (FM) layer into the nonmagnetic (NM) spacer of a basic spin-valve (SV) trilayer (FM1-NM-FM1), thus creating a penta-layer SV structure (FM1-NM-FM2-NM-FM1). We investigated the effect of increasing the resistivity (rho <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F2</sub> ) of the FM2 on overall magnetoresistance (MR). We performed both analytical and numerical studies on the MR of the current perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) structure using the phenomenological spin drift-diffusion models. For finite rho <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F2 </sub> , the MR profile is dependent on the intrinsic conductance polarization (alpha <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F2</sub> ) of FM2. We found that inserting FM2 enhances MR when alpha <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F2</sub> exceeds a critical value of alpha <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2C</sub> . It is found that MR can be doubled by inserting a FM layer with high alpha <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F2</sub> , such as the half-metallic Cr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O. We have numerically calculated MR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> and the corresponding rho <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F20</sub> values for different alpha <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F2 </sub> values. Finally, we studied the effect of spin relaxation on the MR of the CPP SV
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