MP58-08 KIDNEY STONES COMPARED TO DENTAL CALCULI AND SALIVARY STONES: COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF MINERAL DENSITY AND ULTRASTRUCTURE

Abstract

You have accessJournal of UrologyStone Disease: Basic Research & Pathophysiology I1 Apr 2016MP58-08 KIDNEY STONES COMPARED TO DENTAL CALCULI AND SALIVARY STONES: COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF MINERAL DENSITY AND ULTRASTRUCTURE Sunita Ho, Ryan Hsi, Ling Chen, Feifei Yang, Sophie You, David Killilea, Krishna Ramaswamy, Jolie Chang, Thomas Chi, and Marshall Stoller Sunita HoSunita Ho More articles by this author , Ryan HsiRyan Hsi More articles by this author , Ling ChenLing Chen More articles by this author , Feifei YangFeifei Yang More articles by this author , Sophie YouSophie You More articles by this author , David KillileaDavid Killilea More articles by this author , Krishna RamaswamyKrishna Ramaswamy More articles by this author , Jolie ChangJolie Chang More articles by this author , Thomas ChiThomas Chi More articles by this author , and Marshall StollerMarshall Stoller More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.806AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Nephrolithiasis is a systemic disease and falls within the spectrum of pathologic biomineralization processes occurring throughout the body. Biomineralization has been described in all organ systems. An understanding of these processes may provide insights into how and why kidney stones form. We evaluated heterogenous pathologic biominerals from different organ systems by comparing mineral densities and ultrastructure of kidney stones, salivary stones, and dental calculi. METHODS Human calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and uric acid stones (n=5 each), in addition to salivary stones, and supra- and sub-gingival dental calculi, were imaged using high resolution micro-CT with a spatial resolution of <1 µm. Mineral densities were extracted from tomograms by performing digital segmentation using Avizo 3D software. RESULTS A representative figure illustrates mineral density variations with corresponding gray-scale architecture. Uric acid stones appeared homogenous and were of lower mineral density compared to the other biominerals, while calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate stones showed heterogeneity in mineral density distribution. Both kidney and salivary stones had several potential nucleation sites. Salivary duct stones showed a lower mineral density inner core surrounded by a higher mineral density outer shell. While these biominerals all illustrated stratified growth, supragingival calculi demonstrated a highly porous structure compared to subgingival calculi albeit with similar mineral densities. CONCLUSIONS Unique spatial distributions within various biominerals containing distinct regions of higher and lower mineral densities were observed using micro-CT. Stratified growth suggests that alternating environments occur during pathologic biomineral formation. This phenomenon is remarkably similar to that of normal mineral formations appreciated in bone, cementum and dentin. Multiscale analyses of the spatial distribution of organic and inorganic components of biominerals across organ systems may provide insights into the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis. © 2016FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 195Issue 4SApril 2016Page: e778-e779 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016MetricsAuthor Information Sunita Ho More articles by this author Ryan Hsi More articles by this author Ling Chen More articles by this author Feifei Yang More articles by this author Sophie You More articles by this author David Killilea More articles by this author Krishna Ramaswamy More articles by this author Jolie Chang More articles by this author Thomas Chi More articles by this author Marshall Stoller More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...