Abstract
The production and physical characteristics of moving electron density gratings (MEDGs) are investigated by analytical model and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. When the frequency difference of two counterpropagating pump pulses is equal to the electron plasma frequency, large amplitude electron plasma wave is resonantly excited in the plasma. As a result, electrons are excited to form a moving, gratinglike structure in the interfering region of pump pulses, while the ions keep at rest. The spatial period and velocity of the MEDG are obtained by solving the electron density modulation equation, which agrees well with one-dimensional PIC simulation results. When a short signal laser pulse is scattered on the MEDG, the frequency of the backscattering wave shifts due to the stimulated Raman scattering.
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