Moving Beyond Monin–Obukhov Similarity Theory in Modelling Wind-Speed Profiles in the Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer under Stable Stratification

Michael Optis,Fred C. Bosveld,Adam Monahan

doi:10.1007/s10546-014-9953-z

Abstract

Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) is commonly used to model the wind-speed profile at altitudes relevant to wind-power production (e.g. 10–200 m). Though reasonably accurate for unstable to weakly stable stratification, this approach becomes less accurate under increasingly stable stratification, largely due to the constant-flux surface layer assumed by MOST becoming shallower than the altitude range of interest. Furthermore, above the surface layer, the Coriolis force has a considerable influence on the wind-speed profile (in particular in the formation of low-level jets) that cannot be modelled using similarity theory. Our goal is to compare the accuracy of alternative extrapolation models that are more physically appropriate above the surface layer. Using data from the 213-m Cabauw meteorological tower in the Netherlands between July 2007 and June 2008, it is shown that MOST is accurate only at low altitudes and low stability, and breaks down at high altitudes and high stability. Local similarity is generally more accurate than MOST across all altitudes and stabilities, though the model requires turbulent flux data at multiple altitudes that is generally impractical. In contrast, a two-layer MOST–Ekman model is found to be comparable to the other models at low stability ranges and considerably more accurate in the high stability range, while requiring only a measure of surface stability and the geostrophic wind.

Highlights

Introduction200 m) is important for a variety of wind-power applications, including wind-power resource assessment and forecasting, and estimating shear loads on turbine blades
1.1 BackgroundAn accurate characterization of the near-surface wind-speed profile is important for a variety of wind-power applications, including wind-power resource assessment and forecasting, and estimating shear loads on turbine blades
Have demonstrated the ability of the modified model to provide more accurate wind-speed profiles within the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) under all stabilities compared to the standard Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) approach

Summary

Introduction

200 m) is important for a variety of wind-power applications, including wind-power resource assessment and forecasting, and estimating shear loads on turbine blades For this purpose, the wind-power community uses a range of models of different degrees of complexity, including general circulation models (e.g. Weather Research and Forecasting model) and microscale models [e.g. Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP)]. The wind-power community uses a range of models of different degrees of complexity, including general circulation models (e.g. Weather Research and Forecasting model) and microscale models [e.g. Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP)] Such models can be computationally and financially expensive and may be unsuitable for situations in which quick and cost-effective methods for wind-power assessment are needed, such as the preliminary assessment of a wind-power resource from field data.

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Conclusion