Motivation Levels and Goals for the Practice of Physical Exercise in Five Different Modalities: A Correspondence Analysis.

Juliana Correia Borges,Eduardo Da Silva Alves,Ronaldo Angelo Dias Da Silva,Claudio Andre Barbosa De Lira,Gilson Gonçalves De Oliveira Filho,João Paulo Pereira Rosa,Mateus Joacir Benvenutti

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.793238

Abstract

The identification of the practitioner’s profile regarding their motivation level for physical exercise engagement could be a behavioral strategy to increase exercise adherence. The present study investigates the associations between motivation levels, modalities practiced, and goals concerning the practice of physical exercise among physical exercise practitioners. A total of 100 physical exercise practitioners, of which 67 were women, took part in this study. The participants were engaged in extreme fitness program, strength training, fight training, Pilates, and functional training. Motivation level (BREQ-3) and expectations regarding regular physical exercise (IMPRAF-54) were assessed. A multiple correspondence analysis demonstrates preferential relationships between descriptive and non-inferential variables. Strength training and fight training practitioners seek these modalities with the goals of “Health” and “Aesthetics,” demonstrating low autonomy in relation to the behavior for the practice of physical exercise. Extreme conditioning program and functional training practitioners have as goal “Pleasure,” demonstrating medium and high levels of autonomy for such practice and Pilates practitioners have the goal of “Stress Control.” To promote and encourage the regular practice of physical exercise, this strategy could be used to take actions that increase the public’s intention to start or continue in a physical exercise program.

Highlights

Regular physical exercise has been shown to be an effective way to promote health and increasing and/or improving physical and psychological status of practitioners (Mandolesi et al, 2018)
Regarding the IMPRAF-54, there was a difference between the modalities for the dimensions: “sociability” (p = 0.01), “competitiveness” (p < 0.01), and “aesthetics” (p = 0.01)
From an exploratory and visual viewpoints, this study aimed to demonstrate the associations between different motivational factors, personal characteristics regarding the objective for the practice, and the modalities of physical exercise, so that profiles can be considered in the prescription of physical training and provide greater adherence to regular physical exercise

Summary

Introduction

Regular physical exercise has been shown to be an effective way to promote health and increasing and/or improving physical and psychological status of practitioners (Mandolesi et al, 2018). The prevalence of individuals who do not engage in a regular physical exercise program is still high (Middelkamp et al, 2017; Martins et al, 2021). In this context, it has been investigated how human behavior is associated with physical exercise practice (Sallis, 1999)

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