Abstract
The analysis of disciplined behaviors and academic performance in a school context has become one of the main concerns within the educational community. Physical Education is highlighted as a key subject to analyze students’ behavior. Researchers and Physical Education teachers are interested on the motivational processes that predict positive student outcomes in order to support them. Thus, the main purpose was to determine a predictive model of disciplined behaviors and academic performance in Physical Education students. The Achievement Goal Theory and Self-Determination Theory acted as the theoretical framework. A total of 919 Spanish secondary school students participated in the study. The studied variables were task-oriented motivational climate, basic psychological needs, autonomous motivation, disciplined behavior, and academic performance. Data collection included Spanish validated questionnaires. The Mplus statistical program was used to perform a structural equation model of prediction. It included antecedents (task-oriented climate), motivational processes (basic psychological needs and autonomous motivation), and consequences (disciplined behavior, Physical Education and overall students’ performance). The results revealed that positive outcomes (discipline and academic performance in Physical Education) were positively predicted by autonomous motivation; autonomous motivation was positively predicted by basic psychological needs and these, in addition, by the task-oriented climate. The results highlighted the importance of the task-oriented motivational climate and the mediating role of the basic psychological needs and autonomous motivation in order to generate these positive student outcomes in Physical Education. This study could be a useful resource for teachers, since it offers the motivational variables that lead students to achieve disciplined behaviors and academic performance in Physical Education. Intervention programs based on the results of the present study could be applied in Physical Education classes in order to obtain better behavioral as well as cognitive positive student outcomes.
Highlights
The understanding of cognitive mechanisms related to students’ discipline behaviors and academic performance has become the most worrisome aspect to secondary Physical Education (PE) teachers (Gutiérrez and López, 2012b)
Academic performance in PE was significantly positively associated with task-oriented climate, the three basic psychological needs (BPNs), and discipline, while overall academic performance was significantly positively associated with relatedness and PE academic performance
The aim of this study was to determine a predictive model of disciplined behaviors and academic performance in PE secondary school, integrating Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) constructs
Summary
The understanding of cognitive mechanisms related to students’ discipline behaviors and academic performance has become the most worrisome aspect to secondary Physical Education (PE) teachers (Gutiérrez and López, 2012b). The educational structure aims to promote prosocial behaviors in order to generate the most favorable conditions for the teaching–learning process that will allow the student to achieve an adequate performance (Barkoukis et al, 2014; Sánchez-Oliva et al, 2014). Teachers who promote a conducive environment for learning and engagement, in which students collaborate in its development, will achieve the learning objectives (Noltemeyer et al, 2019; Núñez and León, 2019). On the contrary, those teachers who do not encourage a classroom context with involved, autonomous, and participatory students will have more difficulties in achieving the planned teaching objectives (Granero-Gallegos et al, 2020a). Teaching skills in PE allow a better group control and give the teacher more time for corrections and provide feedback to students, increasing their participation, autonomy, and effectiveness in the classroom, and academic achievement (Gutiérrez et al, 2009; Wade et al, 2020)
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