Motions of bright soliton in spin-tensor-momentum coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates

Abstract

We have explored the motion of bright solitons in one-dimensional spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates subjected to a spin-tensor-momentum coupling. By using the variational approach, we derive the motion equations of soliton’s amplitude, momentum and center of mass, which shows clearly that these parameters are coupled with each other by spin-tensor-momentum coupling and Raman coupling. We find that the motion of soliton can be viewed as the superposition between the linear motion and periodical oscillation motion, where the velocity of linear motion and the oscillation frequency are related to the spin-tensor-momentum coupling and Raman coupling. These findings reveal unique features of solitons affected by the spin-tensor-momentum coupling.