Motion robust coronary MR angiography using zigzag centric ky-kz trajectory and high-resolution deep learning reconstruction.

Abstract

To develop a new MR coronary angiography (MRCA) technique by employing a zigzag fan-shaped centric ky-kz k-space trajectory combined with high-resolutiondeep learning reconstruction (HR-DLR). All imaging data were acquired from 12 healthy subjects and 2 patients using two clinical 3-T MR imagers, with institutional review board approval. Ten healthy subjects underwent both standard 3D fast gradient echo (sFGE) and centric ky-kz k-space trajectory FGE (cFGE) acquisitions to compare the scan time and image quality. Quantitative measures were also performed for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) as well as sharpness of the vessel. Furthermore, the feasibility of the proposed cFGE sequence was assessed in two patients. For assessing the feasibility of the centric ky-kz trajectory, the navigator-echo window of a 30-mm threshold was applied in cFGE, whereas sFGE was applied using a standard 5-mm threshold. Image quality of MRCA using cFGE with HR-DLR and sFGE without HR-DLR was scored in a 5-point scale (non-diagnostic = 1, fair = 2, moderate = 3, good = 4, and excellent = 5). Image evaluation of cFGE, applying HR-DLR, was compared with sFGE without HR-DLR. Friedman test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, or paired t tests were performed for the comparison of related variables. The actual MRCA scan time of cFGE with a 30-mm threshold was acquired in less than 5min, achieving nearly 100% efficiency, showcasing its expeditious and robustness. In contrast, sFGE was acquired with a 5-mm threshold and had an average scan time of approximately 15min. Overall image quality for MRCA was scored 3.3 for sFGE and 2.7 for cFGE without HR-DLR but increased to 3.6 for cFGE with HR-DLR and (p < 0.05). The clinical result of patients obtained within 5min showed good quality images in both patients, even with a stent, without artifacts. Quantitative measures of SNR, CNR, and sharpness of vessel presented higher in cFGE with HR-DLR. Our findings demonstrate a robust, time-efficient solution for high-quality MRCA, enhancing patient comfort and increasing clinical throughput.