Abstract
ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE Estimate the effect of age, period, and birth cohort on mortality from oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil and its macro-regions.METHODS Deaths from oral and oropharyngeal cancer from 1983 to 2017 were analyzed. The Poisson regression model was applied, using estimable functions proposed by Holford.RESULTS From 1983 to 2017, 142,634 deaths from oral and oropharyngeal cancer were registered in Brazil, 81% among men, and the South and Southeast regions had the highest rates. The most significant period effects were observed in male mortality in the Southeast and Central-West regions for the 2003–2007 reference period. In the North, Northeast, and Central-West regions, an increased risk of mortality was observed in the most recent male cohorts. In the North region, the most significant risk identified was for men born during 1973–1977 (RR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.05–2.08); in the Northeast, for men born during 1988–1992 (RR = 2.77; 95%CI 1.66–4.63); and in the Central-West, for women born during 1973–1977 (RR = 2.01; 95%CI 1.19–3.39). In the Southeast and South regions, the most recent cohorts had lower mortality rates. The lowest risk in the Southeast region was observed in the male cohort born during 1978–1982 (RR = 0.53; 95%CI 0.45–0.62) and 1983–1987 in the South region (RR = 0.25; 95%CI 0.12–0.54).CONCLUSIONS Age had a significant effect on mortality from oral and oropharyngeal cancer in all regions. In the North, Northeast, and Central-West regions, an increase in risk was observed in the most recent cohorts, while in the South and Southeast regions, these cohorts presented a lower risk when compared to the older cohorts.
Highlights
MÉTODO: Foram analisados os óbitos por câncer de boca e orofaringe de 1983 a 2017
As marcantes diferenças das regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste com as regiões Sudeste e Sul mostram que, de fato, há contribuição do efeito de coorte na mortalidade por câncer de boca e orofaringe quando as coortes mais novas são comparadas com a coorte-referência
Trata-se do primeiro estudo de análise dos efeitos de idade, período e coorte para a mortalidade por câncer de boca e orofaringe no Brasil
Summary
RESULTADOS: No período de 1983 a 2017, foram registrados no Brasil 142.634 óbitos por câncer de boca e orofaringe, 81% entre o sexo masculino, e as regiões Sul e Sudeste apresentaram as taxas mais altas. O presente estudo tem como objetivo estimar pela primeira vez os efeitos da idade, período e coorte de nascimento na mortalidade por câncer de boca e orofaringe nas macrorregiões do Brasil.
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