Abstract
Recent studies have shown a high number of deaths from oral and oropharyngeal cancer worldwide, Brazil included. For this study, the deaths data (ICD-10, chapter II, categories C00 to C14) was obtained from Mortality Information System (SIM) and standardized by gender and population for each of the 554 Microregions of Brazil. The raw mortality rates were adopted as the standard and compared to the application of smoothing by the Bayesian model. In order to describe the geographical pattern of the occurrence of oral cancer, thematic maps were constructed, based on the distributions of mortality rates for Microregions and gender. Results: There were 7882 deaths registered due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil, of which 6291 (79.81%) were male and 1591 (20.19%) female. The Empirical Bayesian Model presented greater scattering with mosaic appearance throughout the country, depicting high rates in Southeast and South regions interpolated with geographic voids of low rates in Midwest and North regions. For males, it was possible to identify expressive clusters in the Southeast and South regions. Conclusion: The Empirical Bayesian Model allowed an alternative interpretation of the oral and oropharynx cancer mortality mapping in Brazil.
Highlights
Each year the number of cancer deaths increase worldwide [1,2,3]
The aim of this study was to compare the results obtained between the estimate by the crude rate and Bayesian estimation from oral and oropharynx cancer mortality in Brazil in 2016
In order to describe the geographical pattern of the occurrence of oral cancer, thematic maps were constructed, based on the distributions of mortality rates for Microregions and gender
Summary
In 2012, 145,000 deaths were registered due to oral cavity and oropharynx cancer, of which 77% were in the less developed regions [2]. Oropharynx cancer etiology is multifactorial, with the main risk factors being tobacco, alcohol, mechanical trauma, biological agents, genetic predisposition, individual’s systemic status, and diet. Mortality rates for these neoplasms are associated with late diagnosis [4]. The incidence of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers has been highest in South and. A recent study predicted that more than 10,000 deaths from oral cavity and pharynx cancer are expected for 2018 in the US [5]. The mortality rates in South American countries ranges from 0.72% to 6.04% per
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