Abstract
The surficial structure and impressions upon the crust due to endogenetic and exogenetic mechanisms are witnessed all around us. These landforms have evolved as a result of plate movements, subsidence, upliftment and various erosional processes. This concept can be collectively referred to as morphotectonics of any region and can be used as a key to understand its genesis as well as present physical state. Morphotectonics refers to forms and shapes that have evolved in the past or in recent times as a result of past or recent tectonic activity. The most vivid evidences of past tectonic activity can be assessed through drainage lines, in any area which are guided and controlled by physical structures over which they flow.
Highlights
The Kaliani River Basin situated in the North Eastern part of the Karbi Anglong district of Assam between geo coordinates 26o 13’47” N - 26o 40’ 38” N latitudes and 93o 12’ 28” E to 93o 46’ 15” E longitudes covering an area of 1200 Km2, exhibits a wide array of distinct morphotectonic lineament patterns due to numerous tectonic upheavals that have taken place since Proterozoic times (Figure 1)
The Kaliani River basin has been influenced by the Dauki Fault near the Meghalaya plateau in the south and the Naga Thrust occurring all along the southern portion of the region
It is notable to state that the Kaliani River which flows W- E aligned to the lineament located within the basin and follows the same direction as the Naga Thrust i. e the channel turns north before Silonijan when it encounters the plains of Golaghat and is resisted by the rocky terrain of the Daigurung water divide
Summary
The Kaliani River Basin situated in the North Eastern part of the Karbi Anglong district of Assam between geo coordinates 26o 13’47” N - 26o 40’ 38” N latitudes and 93o 12’ 28” E to 93o 46’ 15” E longitudes covering an area of 1200 Km2 , exhibits a wide array of distinct morphotectonic lineament patterns due to numerous tectonic upheavals that have taken place since Proterozoic times (Figure 1). The drainage pattern in the region is witnessed having significantly straight channels of both consequent as well as subsequent streams, as there are numerous lineaments both major and minor. The steep sided valleys in this region are narrow and have steep sides with sharp ridges rising up on both banks of the Kaliani River. Valley bottoms are flat and the banks of the main channel are narrow offering limited scope for riverine debris brought downstream to be deposited
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