Abstract
An understanding of watershed characteristics like areal, linear and relief aspect has paramount significance for watershed planning and management. An automatic extraction of these characteristics from digital elevation model is so effective and efficient. The main objective of this research work was Morphometric analysis of Lake Langano watershed characteristics from Digital Elevation model using GIS. This research work employs an automatic extraction of hydrological characteristics using Geographical Information system. The results of finding show that the watershed has highly permeable soil type which absorbs the water passing over the soil. Drainage texture of the watershed is very coarse and the watershed is less affected by erosion. There is high runoff in the watershed due to large number of overland flow length. The shape of the watershed is elongated shape and experiences low peak flow over longer duration of time. Circulatory value of the watershed indicates that lake Langano watershed is not under flood risk. Relief characteristics of the watershed indicate that most part of the watershed is characterized by gentle slope and the peak of south eastern part is characterized by steep slope. Keywords: DEM (digital elevation model), GIS (Geographic Information system), Morphometric analysis, Watershed characteristics. DOI: 10.7176/JEES/10-11-03 Publication date: November 30 th 2020
Highlights
Watershed is defined as any surface area from which run-off resulting from rainfall/snow melt is collected and drained through a common confluence outlet point
Drainage density of Lake Langano watershed was generated from stream channel using stream length field value as an input
The results of drainage density for Lake Langano watershed was 0.47 which shows very low and this reveal that the permeability of the soil is very high
Summary
Watershed is defined as any surface area from which run-off (water) resulting from rainfall/snow melt is collected and drained through a common confluence outlet point. River basins provide a geographic and functional context for many water-related purposes. Watershed delineation at micro level (sub-watershed) is essential for effective planning and watershed management program, watershed characteristics such as size, slope, shape, drainage density, land use/land cover, geology and soils, and vegetation are important factors affecting various aspects of runoff Lake Langano watershed is one of the basin watersheds formed from the outlet point of drainage network at north eastern part of Langano Lake. Analysis of the Lake Langano watershed characteristics in terms of linear, areal and relief aspect were not explicitly determined yet. This research work is intended to determine and quantify Areal, Linear and Relief aspects of Lake Langano watershed for better planning and management of Lake Langano watershed
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