Morphology modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone for enhanced antibacterial and catalytic execution of bioactive Ag/ZnO composites based on hydroxyapatite in the synthesis of O-Aminocarbonitriles

Abstract

Antibacterial resistance is growing in the world and is becoming a global threat to public health. In this project, we have checked the particular role of polyvinylpyrrolidone in the fabrication of nanospherical bioactive Ag/ZnO composite based on hydroxyapatite in a novel smart approach. Furthermore, the size and morphology controlled by the designed bioactive nanocomposite depend on the amounts of polyvinylpyrrolidone and this approach was investigated antibacterial activities, for the first time. Experimental data reveal that the best performance of antibacterial activity was increased only when the spherical morphology was formed (using the 4:3 M ratio between Zn2+ and Ag + ions in the presence of 0.5 polyvinylpyrrolidone, S5 sample). The results of disk-diffusion demonstrate that the highest growth inhibition zone was related to Staphylococcus aureus, which was increased approximately 18 mm compared to other bacteria (Escherichia coli, pseudomonas, aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae). However, the efficient morphology (spherical morphology) was not observed in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide or other amounts of polyvinylpyrrolidone (S1–S4 samples have agglomerated-shaped). On the other hand, we endeavored toward applying designed nanostructure as a robust catalyst for the preparation of O-Aminocarbonitriles. The O-Aminocarbonitrile scaffolds were fabricated in great yield (up to 97%) under ambient conditions in the presence of designed nanocomposite. Consequently, the dual-purpose Ag/ZnO/HAp spherical nanocomposite with outstanding antibacterial and catalytic properties could be applied as promising antibacterial agents to prevent and treat implant infections and chemical reaction catalysts.