Morphology controlled biogenic fabrication of Metal/Metal oxide nanostructures using plant extract and their application in organic transformations

Abstract

• This review article consist a concise survey for biogenic synthesis of Metal/Metal Oxide Nanostructures. • Factors influencing morphology during biogenic synthesis are also discussed briefly. • Role of morphology controlled Metal/Metal oxide nanostructures in organic transformation as catalyst. Nanostructures are the building blocks and future of science and technology. Morphology controlled synthesis of metal/metal oxide nanostructures not only leads to proper manipulation of properties but also enhancement of their effectiveness for a specific application. Our main focus is to present a thorough review of research activities based on the morphology‐controlled green synthesis of metal/metal oxide nanostructures using plant extract and their catalytic application in various organic reactions. In this regard we put forth a brief discussion on the role of various experimental parameters, that have been examined to control the nucleation and growth of metal/metal oxide nanostructures in an effort to tailor specific morphology, such as pH of reaction mixture, temperature, concentration of salt solution and salt solution v/s plant extract ratio and incubation time on the morphology of nanostructures. The application of plant extract mediated metal/metal oxide nanostructures as effective catalyst in various organic transformations such as reduction of nitro compounds, catalytic degradation of organic dyes, reduction of aldehydes, several coupling reactions and click reactions.