Abstract
Vicia faba (faba bean) is one of the most significant leguminous crops. The faba bean is specialized by maximum nutritional value, in energy and protein content, which leads it to be suitable for food and feed production. Diseases caused with fungi are amongst the biotic factors responsible for decreasing in faba bean yields. In this work, Cladosporium isolates were recorded in cultivated faba bean leaves and pods collected from markets in Qena, Upper Egypt; morphological features and molecular characterization based on actin gene were performed. The ability of the pathogens to cause disease in faba bean seedlings and the biocontrol method to avoid the pathogenic effect of Cladosporium were determined. Results showed that Cladosporium is the main genera isolated from faba beans, and the morphological criteria showed presence of three species complex groups of Cladosporium (C. cladosporioides, C. herbarum and C. sphaerospermum) and the confirmation with molecular characterization revealed the existence of four species in the three groups. All the 26 tested strains of Cladosporium were able to cause leaf lesions on Vicia faba seedlings with different levels. Chaetomium globosum is a biocontrol agent could inhibit the growth of the majority strains of Cladosporium.
Highlights
IntroductionVicia faba (faba bean) is one of the most significant leguminous crops. The faba bean is specialized by maximum nutritional value, in energy and protein content, which leads it to be suitable for food and feed production
Vicia faba is one of the most significant leguminous crops
The quality and yield of faba bean seeds are affected by fungal diseases, which are among the biotic factors cause major yield losses in faba beans, by decreasing the growth of plants, in excessive cases leading to wilt and plant d eath[4]
Summary
Vicia faba (faba bean) is one of the most significant leguminous crops. The faba bean is specialized by maximum nutritional value, in energy and protein content, which leads it to be suitable for food and feed production. Results showed that Cladosporium is the main genera isolated from faba beans, and the morphological criteria showed presence of three species complex groups of Cladosporium (C. cladosporioides, C. herbarum and C. sphaerospermum) and the confirmation with molecular characterization revealed the existence of four species in the three groups. (faba bean) is a main legume species; growing in winter season in the area of North Nile Delta[1] It has high protein content (24–30%), nutritional value, and high energy, and the faba bean is grown for animal feed and human food[2,3]. The genus of Cladosporium comprised three major species complexes, mainly based on morphology: C. cladosporioides, C. herbarum and C. sphaerospermum species complexes and used for practical purposes. To use a multilocus DNA sequences dependent on actin, ITS, calmodulin, translation elongation factor 1-a and histone H3 because they show a high discrimination of closely related species[12,13]
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