Abstract
Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill. (2n = 2x = 16) is a popular ornamental plant with dimorphism of pollen grains (type A and type B) and stigmas (papilla and cob-like). We applied polyploidy breeding to this species in order to introduce desirable traits. Tetraploid and mixoploid L. sinuatum plants were successfully obtained with oryzalin treatment of L. sinuatum ‘Early Blue’ seeds. All three tetraploids had increased leaf width, stomatal size, flower length, and pollen width compared to those of the diploid, and tetraploids had four germinal pores of pollen grains, whereas the diploid had three. All tetraploids had type A pollen grains and cob-like stigmas. Furthermore, the growth of cultivated tetraploid plants was slow, with later bolting and flowering times. Mixoploids Mixo-1 and Mixo-3 were estimated to be polyploidy periclinal chimeric plants consisting of a tetraploid L1 layer and diploid L2 layer, and Mixo-2 was estimated to be a polyploidy periclinal chimeric plant consisting of the diploid L1 layer and tetraploid L2 layer. Mixo-4 had tetraploid L1 and L2 layers. Mixoploids, except Mixo-4, had type A pollen grains and cob-like stigmas, whereas Mixo-4 had type B pollen grains and papilla stigmas. These polyploids will be useful as polyploidy breeding materials.
Highlights
Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill., commonly known as statice, which belongs to the familyPlumbaginaceae native to the Mediterranean area, is a popular ornamental plant because of its wide range of flower colors and long vase life
In the present study, we examined the concentration and treatment time of oryzalin required for chromosome doubling in the seeds of L. sinuatum in order to achieve polyploidy breeding in L. sinuatum
We investigated the morphology of L. sinuatum polyploids
Summary
Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill., commonly known as statice, which belongs to the family. Plumbaginaceae native to the Mediterranean area, is a popular ornamental plant because of its wide range of flower colors and long vase life. This species is diploid with 2n = 16 [1]. Chromosome doubling of plants can be achieved by treatment with polyploidizing agents including colchicine, oryzalin, amiprophos-methyl, and trifluralin. In the genus Limonium, there are a few reports regarding chromosome doubling using polyploidizing agents [18]. Mori et al [20] treated the seeds of L. bellidifolium with colchicine and obtained autotetraploids, which tended to produce wider, thicker leaves and larger flowers than diploid plants.
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