Morphological changes of parathyroid glands and thymus of rats after correction of induced immunosupression

Abstract

The aim of the research was to investigate the features of the electron microscopic structure of rats' parathyroid glands and thymus after correction of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression with imunofan.Material and methods. The study was performed on 24 male rats weighing 180±10 g. The animals of the experimental series were injected cyclophosphamide once intramuscularly at a dosage of 200 mg/kg. Immunocorrection was achieved by administering imunofan once a day at 50 mcg/kg for 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 days. The second group consisted of intact rats. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment on 3rd and 30th day after the drugs administration. We studied the ultrastructure of organs in the rats of the control group and after immunostimulation.Results. It was established that on the 3rd day after correction of induced immunosuppression imunofan parathyroid nuclei characterized by uneven surface due to numerous invaginations of nuclear membranes. In separate cells sporadic pyknosis of nuclei is determined. The number of secretory granules decreases, the amount of glycogen and lipid droplets increases. In the thymus characteristic signs of an accidental involution occur. After 30 days after the administration of immunotropic drugs, the number of active dark parathyrocytes increased. In the nucleoli, the predominance of the granular component over the fibrillar component is revealed. Well-developed organelles of protein synthesis were found in the cytoplasm of cells. In the cortex of the thymus, an increased number of plasma cells is observed, a recovery of the population of both lymphoid cells and microenvironment cells, in particular macrophages, is noted. Conclusions. On the 3rd day after the administration of immunotropic drugs, a decrease in the number of secretory granules, pyknosis of nuclei and multiple invaginations of nuclear membranes are revealed in segregated cells. The use of an immunocorrector leads to the development of organelles of protein synthesis and an increase in the number of secretory granules in the cytoplasm of cells on the 30th day after administration of the drugs. In the cortical zone of the thymus there is an active cells proliferation. The dynamics of changes in the electron microscopic structure of rats' parathyroid glands and thymus indicates a high degree of reactivity of the organs in response to the administration of immunotropic drugs.