Abstract
To date, arterial hypertension (AH) is the most common cardiovascular disease, which is the most common cause of disability in the population due to high risk of developing complications, such as heart failure, coronary heart disease, stroke. The nature of the morphological manifestations of hypertensive disease depends on the duration and its severity, but hypertension triggers a cascade of pathological changes in the lung disease and is accompanied by disruption of the structure most sensitive to fluctuations in blood pressure organs (brain, heart, kidneys). The search for new drugs that not only reduce blood pressure but also have polytropic effects is constantly in progress. In the first place is cardioprotection, which is based on the principles of continuous monitoring of myocardial oxygenation and metabolism. Recently the attention of researchers attract bioflavonoids, namely Corvitin, which has antioxidant, prediabetics, anti-inflammatory properties. The question of influence Corwin in combination therapy with antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of hypertension has been insufficiently studied, that determines the relevance and aim of our study.Materials and methods. The study was performed on hypertensive SHR rats, which spontaneously had hypertension. Rats were divided into groups. Experienced animal groups SHR were administered ramipril at a dose of 0.5 mg /kg, candesartan – 0.4mg /kg, and conducted combined therapy ramipril and corvitin, candesartan and corvitin. Corvitin – 50 mg /kg. Drugs were administered 1 time per day for 7 days with food (for short-term treatment) and 21 days (for long-term therapy).To evaluate the morphological changes of the heart, kidneys and liver, we used frozen transverse sections, 10 µm thick, which were stained by the method of Ramonovsky-Gimze..The results of the study. Corvitin when applying with ramipril and candesartan had a protective effect on the studied structures of target organs: myocardium of the ventricles, cortex of the kidney, hepatocytes. But Corvitin cardioprotective effect observed in myocardial tissue of the left ventricle during long-term combination therapy with candesartan was more significant and is characterized by the disappearance of signs of hydropic vacuolation of cardiomyocytes. Combination therapy with hypotensive drugs corvitin reduced degree of atrophy of the glomeruli, the greatest efficiency was achieved after long-term therapy. Changes in the liver tissue with the combination of drugs also had positive dynamics.Conclusions. Combined therapy with antihypertensive drugs and corvitin significantly improves the morphological result in the studied structures not only by reducing blood pressure, but also by the pleiotropic effects of corvitin
Highlights
Hypertension is one of the leading health problems worldwide
The aim of our study was to determine the effect of combination therapy with ramipril and corvitin, candesartan and corvitin on morphological changes in the heart, liver, and kidney, which were recorded in the rat with spontaneous hypertension (SHR)
The study was conducted in 9 groups of animals: the control group consisted of spontaneously hypertensive animals SHR, which was injected with saline 0.9 % sodium chloride; the first experimental group included animals that received short-term treatment (7 days) with ramipril, the second experimental group - animals that received long-term (21 days) therapy with ramipril, the third experimental group - short-term therapy (7 days) with candesartan, the fifth group - long-term candesartan therapy, the sixth experimental group – combination therapy with corvitin and ramipril (7 days), and the seventh experimental group – a combination of corvitin and ramipril (21 days), eighth and ninth experimental groups – short and long-term combination therapy with candesartan and corvitin
Summary
Hypertension is one of the leading health problems worldwide. Cardiovascular mortality in half of all cases is associated with hypertension, as well as its complications such as stroke, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. The pathogenesis of heart failure on the background of hypertension is damage to cell membranes, which is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROI), activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO), activation of pathological cytokines, impaired endothelial function [1,2] and apoptosis. An important link in the development of the pathological process is the activation of lipoxygenases and impaired nitric oxide synthesis, which is accompanied by increased production of ROI, especially peroxynitrite. Liver cells are sensitive to the development of oxidative stress, due to their biochemical and physiological properties: high energy activity and rapid depletion of antioxidant defense system (AOD) [3, 4].
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