Abstract
Gem-grade twinned high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) synthetic diamond crystals are rare. Hence, few investigations on their morphological features and formation have been reported. In this article, the morphological and surface microtopographic features of HPHT synthetic-diamond crystals contact twinning is detailed and investigated. It indicates that twins of diamond forming and nucleating during the early stages of the growth and the development of {100} and {111} growth sectors on either side of such boundaries proceeds independently, which affects the final morphology of the diamond crystals. According to the different features of crystal macroscopic morphological properties, two kinds of twin model have been established. The formation of twin crystals changed the lattice of diamonds with face-centered cubic dimensions. The type of diamond lattice at the twin boundary is hexagonal and closely packed, which has potential for further developing the application of synthetic diamond twin crystals.
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