Morphological and proliferative effects of perfluorocarbon on lipopolysaccharide-induced injury in A549 cells

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Objective To investigate the protective effects of perfluorocarbon (PFC) on human alveolar epithelial-like cells A549 injured by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the perspective of cell biology, and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of PFC in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods Human alveolar epithelial-like cells A549 were subcultured conventionally and divided into four groups: (1)control group: cells did not receive any intervention.(2)PFC group: PFC was added to the cell culture medium to a final concentration (vol/vol, PFC∶culture media) of 10%.(3)LPS group: cells were incubated with LPS at a final concentration of 100 mg/L.(4)LPS+ PFC group: cells were incubated with both LPS and PFC at above concentration, respectively.Morphological changes were observed under inverted microscope and photographed at the 24th, 48th and 72nd hour after treatment respectively.A549 cells were seeded in culture plate at certain numbers.The cell numbers of each group were counted using cell counting method every day after dosing for six days, and then cell growth curve was drew. Results (1)Cell morphology of LPS group were sparser and smaller compared with other three groups of cells, part of the cells were round.The cell morphology of other three groups was full and arranged closely.(2)The cell growth curve showed that cell proliferation of LPS group was inhibited obviously.There was statistical significance in the cell numbers between LPS group and other three groups since the fourth day after treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions PFC can markedly alleviate the adverse effect of LPS on the morphology, growth status and proliferation of A549 cells. Key words: Respiratory distress syndrome, adult; Perfluorocarbon; Lipopolysaccharide; A549 cell; Cell biology