Morphological and optical characterization of thermally evaporated copper sulphide thin films

Abstract

Thin films of Cu2S on opaque gold layers and quartz substrates at the temperature of 393 K were deposited by a thermal evaporation technique. The surface morphology of the Cu2S thin films at different thicknesses is investigated by AFM. It is seen that all the films are composed of highly coordinated spherical nano-sized particles well adhered to the substrate. The transmittance and reflectance spectra of Cu2S thin films on the quartz substrate were recorded by a UV–visible spectrophotometer. The results show that the thermally evaporated Cu2S thin films have the characteristic transmittance and reflectance suitable for optoelectronic applications. The stoichiometry and surface morphology of a grown Cu2S thin film were confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The dependence of the refractive index and the extinction coefficient on the photon energy for both the surface film and the opaque gold layer have been determined by ellipsometry. From the spectral behaviour of the absorption coefficient at two distinct absorption regions, a dual-band scheme of optical absorption for a Cu2S thin film is described. The indirect and direct edges of Cu2S are found to be about at 0.91 eV and 2.68 eV, respectively.