Abstract
The characterization of 39 Italian ecotypes and cultivars of Triticum turgidum L. spp. dicoccum Shrank ex Schubler (emmer wheat) was performed utilizing agro-morphological and molecular tools. Emmer wheat is a hulled species which grows wild in the Near East and is still cultivated in the Mediterranean Basin. Due to its characteristics, in Italy it is cultivated mainly in marginal lands of central and southern Italy, where local varieties, adapted to the natural environment where they originated, are used. Emmer wheat cultivation has been drastically reduced during the last century as a consequence of its low yield. Nevertheless, more recently, its agronomic and nutritive values, together with its use in health food products, made its cultivation economically viable in the marginal lands with a parallel increase of the cultivated area which is now more than 2000 ha.
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