Abstract
K a man I.: Morphological and Histochemical Type Differentiation of Muscle Fibres in Newborn Pigs: Its Relationship to Topical Myopathies. Acta vet. Bmo 1995,64: 35-47. Seven topographically and functionally different muscles of neonates of the wild pig, primitive domestic breed and ten modem breeds at various degrees of selection and their hybrids were examined in order to ascertain the degree of muscle fibre differentiation in neonates of the pig as a species. Using myosin ATPase reactions after acid or alkaline preincubation, the author was able to differentiate muscle fibres of type I and II (MF I, MF II), and an intermediary type IIC, with its transformation subtypes mild/strong, strong/strong and strong/mild (MS, SS and SM) in muscle fibres of type I. In some cases, a differentiation ofMF II into MF IIA and MF lIB was also observed. SDH detection and PAS reaction failed to differentiate MF in neonatal piglets reliably, or did not differentiate them at all. Although the degree of MF differentiation in neonatal piglets was mainly determined by their breed, it was also related to their birth weight, MF type and its relationship to the blood bed. Muscle fibres were fully morphologically and adequately histochemically differentiated in the neonatal . wild pig, primitive domestic pig, and in the less selected breeds of domestic pigs. Modern medium-selected meat breeds exhibited a myofibrillat deficiency of individual MF at an extent of a physiological vatiation. Myofibrillat hypoplasia (MFH) at various levels of severity was chatacteristic of pigs intensively selected for an extreme muscle growth. MFH affected primarily extrafusal anaerobic MF II and muscle groups with a predominance ofMF II, for which those pigs have unilaterally been selected. Myofibrillat hypoplasia did not affect intrafusal MF. Neonatal pig, wild pig, muscles, muscle fibre differentiation, classification, myofibrillar hypoplasia
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