Abstract
This article is dedicated to the realistic, present-day problem in treating patients with a damaged cornea. It contains a general summary of the practical experience of treatments in various spheres of medicine and in ophthalmology in particular, concerning the new developing method of restoring tissue with the aid of platelet rich plasma. This is a branch of regenerative medicine. In ophthalmology an effective method has long been sought for treating patients with a damaged cornea. It is well-known that platelet rich plasma contains a high quantity of elements which contribute to growth: thrombocyte, transformation, insulin-like, epidermal etc. And although the mechanism of the parts their role has not been sufficiently studied, the positive results of the PRP use in various fields of surgical medicine and in particular in the treatment of burns and ulcers of the tissue, speak of the key role being played in the growth factor and the process of tissue restoration. Despite the fact that this method has not been fully studied by ophthalmologists, it is of great interest to practising doctors, considering its potential value due to it being therapeutically effective and both simple and economic to produce. Our aim here is to give a short overview of the literature which contains descriptions of the morphological qualities of thrombocytes, to note and describe the characteristics of PRP and its role in the regeneration of tissue, to make special note of the history of the discovery of the growth factor in medico-biological science and to analyze the publications which give details of the PRP use.
Highlights
В литературе описаны способы применения ау‐ тологичных препаратов крови, содержащих факторы роста, для ускорения процессов репарации тканей гла‐ за
This article is dedicated to the realistic, present-day problem in treating patients
It contains a general summary of the practical experience of treatments
Summary
Факторы роста тромбоцитов впервые были обна‐ ружены профессорами R. Ученые были награждены Нобелевской премией в 1986 году «в знак признания их открытий, имеющих фундаментальное значение для понимания механизмов регуляции роста клеток и органов». Levi-Montalcini в 1947 году, заключалась в стимуляции роста нервных клеток куриного эмбриона при пересадке в него клеток опухоли мыши. Исследователем был сделан вывод, что на рост нервной ткани оказывает стимулирующее вли‐ яние вещество неизвестной, на тот период, природы, содержащееся в опухоли. В дальнейшем в культуре кле‐ ток чувствительных нервов куриного эмбриона при до‐ бавлении фрагментов опухоли мыши в течение 12 часов наблюдали пролиферацию нервных клеток в направле‐ нии фрагментов опухоли. Выделенное из опухолевых клеток вещество белковой природы получило назва‐ ние фактора роста нервной ткани (NGF — nerve growth factor). Которое находилось в пре‐ паратах с NGF, и назвал его эпидермальным фактором роста (EGF — epidermal growth factor). Позже стали известны такие факторы роста, как тромбоцитарный фактор роста, фактор роста фибробластов, колоние‐ стимулирующие факторы, интерлейкины (ИЛ-1, ИЛ-2) и некоторые другие
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