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Abstract
Biobanks are structures used for the preservation of biological samples. These repositories store biospecimens for short or long period of time, depending on the aim for which they are employed. The collections stored inside consist of different types and for each material there's a specific protocol to be followed, in order to keep sample in the best condition as possible. So, a good state is a primary hallmark and its basic to have a well-protected specimen to obtain reliable results fit for clinical purposes and research. In the last years, medical sciences are developing together with the progress of knowledge and skills: the need for new answer to questions about rare and common diseases has greatly contributed to the creation of a network of biobanks which cooperate in Europe and internationally to discover new findings. Therefore, the importance of biobanks is currently considerable. In this article, the topic of biobanks is argued by reviewing the most relevant aspects of these centers. Due to the strategic role of biobanks, the debate on their management and policy is focused on a variety of issues with the aim of reaching a shared agreement and obtaining a universal concordance. Only so, it will possible to achieve and maintain unity and create homogeneous system of biobanking.
Highlights
Biobanks are improving themselves thanks to new knowledge; as consequence, cooperation with other countries is growing up and, for the time, it will be possible to create a network in Europe and in the world which should let the exchange of scientific data about clinic and research through an homogeneous system
The clinical field is strictly dependent on advanced research and laboratory play a strategic role in the relationship between patients and clinicians
The storage of samples is used for research studies in general or disease-specific
Summary
Biobanks are improving themselves thanks to new knowledge; as consequence, cooperation with other countries is growing up and, for the time, it will be possible to create a network in Europe and in the world which should let the exchange of scientific data about clinic and research through an homogeneous system. Biobank is a complex and dynamic entity, a system marked by variety and heterogeneity It works in different ways, such as central place of specimen's storage (in which samples and informations are taken and kept centrally for future use) or like a virtual bank (materials are collected and not used if there isn't a specific purpose) [6]. Over time, the requirement of genetic biobanks which collect samples (dna and/or rna) for biomedical research, referred to different fields like rare diseases or specific conditions, was great [15]. These specimens are stored in biobank: infact tissues represent another way of doing biobank. This aspect is relevant overall when a genetic research is conduct and participants hope that studies could avoid diseases or improve health conditions [35]
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