Morbidity and mortality of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma in the Tyumen region in 10 years period

Abstract

Introduction. Gastric cancer is a high burden on the healthcare system due to 1 million new cases every year. Most of these cases are diagnosed at a late stage.Aim. The aim of this research is to perform epidemiological analysis about gastric signet ring cell carcinoma in the Tyumen region.Materials and methods. Used data was taken from the regional cancer – registers of the medical center “Medical City”, Tyumen, Russia, which includes the data from 2012 to 2021. The histological tumor develops in accordance with the international histological classification of stomach tumors. The article examines such indicators as: morbidity, proportion of patients with stages I–IV, mortality, one-year mortality. Survival calculations were performed using TIBCO Statistica 13.5.0.17.Results. 512 cases of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma were detected in the Tyumen region from 2012 to 2021: 51.9 % of them were men, 48.1 % were women. Morbidity over this period has slightly decreased. Average growth rate was – 2.05 %. Mortality increased in the same period. Average growth rate was 8.16 %. The average 1-year mortality over 10 years of the disease was 47.84 %, the average growth rate was negative (–1.19 %). Late diagnosis is still actual for this type of cancer 70.5 % of diagnoses were on the III or IV stages.Conclusion. The performed epidemiological analysis of signet ring cell gastric cancer allows us to conclude that this problem is relevant for the Tyumen region. In the period from 2012 to 2021, the incidence of gastric signet ring cell cancer in the population has decreased slightly, but high mortality and one-year mortality remain due to detection at late stages. The average rate of increase in mortality is 8.16 %. Average one-year mortality rate from 2012 to 2021 was 47.84 %, and the average growth rate was – 1.19 %. The problem of early diagnosis also remains relevant; the proportion of patients whose diagnosis was made at stages III and IV was 70.5 %. This once again emphasizes the need for early and timely diagnosis. It is quite obvious that the effectiveness of the oncology service is closely related to how successfully the system of early detection of cancer patients is organized.