Monosaccharides as Useful Platform in the Synthesis of Bio-Molecules to Fight the Pathologies

Abstract

The development of new drugs from heterocyclic biomolecules is a challenge for scientific research. In this regard, the case of Hydantoins, tetrazoles, lactams and lactones, the most prominent of the heterocyclics offer conditions for this purpose, given their potential to confer a great diversity of bioactivities. Therefore, the development of new methods for their preparation constitutes an interesting challenge for organic chemists in general and in the area of carbohydrates in particular. In this work we report the synthesis of hydantoin, tetrazole, lactone and lactam derivatives, known as antibiotics, insecticides, analgesics, antitumor, antibacterials, antifungals and others, prepared using Schmidt, Bucherer-bergs, A.P. Rauter and Farkas reactions to monosaccharide derivatives such as keto sugars and epoxy sugars. Although they are usually reactions used for normal organic molecules, these reactions were also feasible in the monosaccharide derivatives and made it possible to obtain two tetrazole derivatives 5 and 10 with 82.9% and 48% yield, a Hydantoin derivative 3 with 62.5% yield, a lactam derivative 4 with 84.4% yield and four lactone derivatives 7a, 7b, 8a and 8b with 51%, 80%, 88.23% and 91% yield respectively. The yields were considered good in general and the methods efficient in the field of monosaccharides. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by chemical and physical tests and its IR spectra’s.