Abstract
We propose a novel design for multi-wavelength arrays of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using high-contrast gratings (HCGs) as top mirrors. A range of VCSEL cavity wavelengths in excess of 100 nm is predicted by modifying only the period and duty-cycle of the high-contrast gratings, while leaving the epitaxial layer thickness unchanged. VCSEL arrays fabricated with this novel design can easily accommodate the entire Er-doped fiber amplifier bandwidth with emission wavelengths defined solely by lithography with no restrictions in physical layout. Further, the entire process is identical to that of solitary VCSELs, facilitating cost-effective manufacturing.
Highlights
The increasing demands of high bandwidth applications, such as online video streaming or real-time video conferencing, have been a major driving force for high capacity data networks
We propose a novel design for multi-wavelength arrays of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using high-contrast gratings (HCGs) as top mirrors
A range of VCSEL cavity wavelengths in excess of 100 nm is predicted by modifying only the period and duty-cycle of the high-contrast gratings, while leaving the epitaxial layer thickness unchanged
Summary
The increasing demands of high bandwidth applications, such as online video streaming or real-time video conferencing, have been a major driving force for high capacity data networks. We propose a novel method of fabricating MW VCSEL arrays with an unprecedented wavelength range by varying the lateral dimensions of high-contrast gratings (HCGs), lithographically defined on the same single layer. This novel design is based on our prior works on HCG, a single layer grating providing reflectivity at least as high as 40 pairs of epitaxially grown DBRs [6,7,8]. With a different design, the phase (but not magnitude) of HCG reflectivity can exhibit a large dependence on dimensions, leading to a wide range of VCSEL emission wavelengths, as reported here for the first time. The proposed technique dramatically simplifies the fabrication process, introducing no modification to a typical HCG-VCSEL process flow
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