Abstract
Cell surface carbohydrates in glycolipids and glycoproteins represent a large variety of antigens (for reviews, see Marcus and Schwarting, 1976; Watkins, 1980; Hakomori, 1981a; Marcus et al., 1981). Typical glycosphingolipid antigens are listed in Table I. Some carbohydrate sequences in glycolipids are also found in the peripheral region of side-chain carbohydrates in glycoproteins (Tonegawa and Hakomori, 1977; Fukuda et al., 1979; Jarnefelt et al., 1978), while others are highly characteristic for glycolipids. However, carbohydrate antigens exclusively present in glycoproteins are not known. Furthermore, carbohydrate antigens in glycoproteins are poorly immunogenic. Therefore, only glycolipid antigens and their monoclonal antibodies will be discussed in this chapter. Cell surface glycolipids have also been implicated as regulators of cell proliferation, as mediators of cell-cell interactions (for a review, see Hakomori, 1981b), and as receptors for certain bioactive factors (Fishman and Brady, 1976). Therefore, antibodies to glycolipids are also useful in studying the function of glycolipids in membranes.
Published Version
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