Monoclinic MC vs orthorhombic in [001] and [110] electric-field-cooled Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3O3)–35%PbTiO3 Crystals

Abstract

Structural phase transformations in Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3O3)–35%PbTiO3 crystals with an electric field (E) applied along [110] and [001] directions have been performed by x-ray diffraction. In the field-cooling process, a phase transformation sequence of Cubic(C)→Tetragonal(T)→Orthorhombic(O) was found for E∕∕[110]; whereas a sequence of C→T→monoclinic(MC) was found for E∕∕[001]. Our results establish that the stability of MC relative to O (or limiting MC) is altered by the direction along which E is applied.