Abstract
Monkeypox virus is a zoonotic virus that can infect both humans and mammals. It is closely related to the smallpox virus. The first recorded human case of monkeypox (MPX) was documented in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1970. In April 2022, there was a significant surge in MPX cases across multiple African regions. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, genome structure, vaccination, diagnosis, public health strategies, and management of MPX. It emphasizes the importance of surveillance, vaccination, infection control, education, and supportive care. A coordinated, interdisciplinary approach involving public health authorities, healthcare professionals, and community engagement is essential for preventing and managing MPX outbreaks.
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