Abstract
Using MODIS Global Satellite products from 2016 to 2020, the variance in sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll concentrations in the waters of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) is investigated during this study. Seasonal maps prepared from the monthly average of SST are compared to observe the change throughout the timeframes of spring, summer, autumn, and winter. The annual cycle of SST depicts the phases of cooling in winter, heating in summer, and warming in spring. It has been found that the presence of heated pools (SST > 30°C) prolongs the summer endurance within the Bay in summer. The SST variations are also strongly linked to regional-scale climate variations from late winter to early spring. Anomalies in chlorophyll are often considered early indicators and drivers of changes in marine resources. However, there has been little assessment of the abnormality in this component in coastal waters of the BoB. The measured chlorophyll distribution during the study reveals anomalies consistent in magnitude having a prominent north-south gradient, where the greater concentrations lie in the northern part. In addition, the fluvial input provided in the central part of the Bay by the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna River system during monsoon contributes additional credence to this assertion.
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