Monitoring the Natural Focal Indicators of a Parasitic System in the Rural and Urban Territories

Abstract

Currently, leptospirosis is identified in many countries, on almost all continents of the globe with various frequencies of occurrence and severity. This is one of the most widespread natural focal infections in Russia. Active circulation of the pathogen in the wild creates a constant threat of the disease occurrence, both among animals and humans. This article presents the results of expert assessment of the functioning of a leptospirosis parasitic system on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region based on the materials of the Regional Veterinary Laboratory for the years 2014 through 2018. During the work, the etiological structure of leptospirosis, the host composition of its pathogen, and the dynamics of the epizootic process were determined in the populations of cattle, horses, pigs, and other animal species. Based on the obtained information, a conclusion was made about the trends of developing an infectious parasitic system in animal populations of various species within their ecological niches. The results of the studies obtained by the team of authors form the scientific and information base — the basis for optimizing and implementing a system of anti-epidemic safety in the Nizhny Novgorod region.