Monitoring the Effect of Lead Acetate on Histopathological Changes in Barbus Sharpeyi

Abstract

The present study was carried out to determine the effect of lead acetate on histopathological changes in Bunni (Barbus sharpeyi), as well as the description of fish behavior. A total of 300 fingerlings were used in the laboratory of fish diseases in the College of Veterinary Medicine - University of Baghdad for the period between 1/3 to 1/6/2013. Fish were distributed randomly into four treatments in addition to control group. First treatment (T1) contained lead acetate 0.42 mg/l with replacement water aquarium entirely per two days and added lead acetate continuously, the second treatment (T2) contained lead acetate 0.42mg/l with replacement water aquarium entirely per two days without adding lead acetate, third treatment (T3) contained lead acetate 0.21mg/l with replacement water aquarium entirely per two days and adding lead acetate continuously, fourth treatment (T4) contained lead acetate 0.21mg/l with replacement water aquarium entirely per two days without adding lead acetate. In order to estimate LC50 used 120 fingerlings of B. sharpeyi, were exposed to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 mg/l. The LC50 of lead acetate was 4.24 mg/l for 72h. of exposure. Fish behavior showed abnormalities after exposure to the various lead acetate concentrations such as swimming disorders, the fish tended together at the surface, fast movement, aggregate in aquarium border, weakness, with increasing in the speed of movement of the operculum, of T1,T2 and T3 and decreasing in feeding process in T1 and T3. Histopathological changes were detected in gills characterized by lamellar fusion, lifting of secondary lamella. The main findings in liver tissue are hydropic swelling and fatty degeneration of some hepatocytes, focal or diffuse necrosis. Kidney showed varying degrees of tubular necrosis with severe congestion together with melanomacrophage infiltration. Spleen observed severe destruction in spleen, parenchyma, and severe reduction in hemopoitic tissue.