MONITORING OF MICROELEMENTS AND INORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FEEDS AND FEED RAW MATERIALS OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTION 2019 YEAR

Abstract

The article presents the results of research conducted at the State Research Control Institute of Veterinary Drugs and Feed Additives during 2019 year on the presence of trace elements and inorganic contaminants in feed and feed raw materials of domestic production. The analysis of 62 samples of feed for different species of farm animals and poultry and 25 samples of feed materials was performed. Sample preparation was performed by acid decomposition in nitric acid using a laboratory microwave system with closed autoclaves. The content of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with electro thermal atomization. The copper content fluctuated within 1.2 - 42.8 mg/kg, the zinc content 13.6 - 251.0 mg/kg, the lead content 0.025 - 4.07 mg/kg, the cadmium content ranged from 0.0035 to 0.25 mg/kg in tested feed samples.
 The content of lead was in the range of 0.018 - 0.42 mg/kg and of cadmium 0.027 - 0.92 mg/kg in studies feed materials. According to the obtained results, it was found that the zinc content exceeded the maximum permissible level in three samples of feed for pigs. This is 5% of the tested feed. The inorganic contaminants content (lead and cadmium) and copper did not exceed the maximum permissible levels in feed in our studies. The cadmium content exceeded the permissible levels in seven samples of feed materials. This is 28 % of the tested feed materials samples. The lead content did not violate the MLR in the study. Feed raw materials made from sunflower were contaminated, meal and cake namely. Among the contaminated samples, two samples contained three times more cadmium than the legal level. These results confirm the literature on the ability of sunflower to actively accumulate cadmium, in particular in seeds. Inspection of feed and feed materials demonstrates the need for more thorough and systematic control, both at the stage of cultivation and in the process of harvesting, drying and processing at different stages of feed production.