Monitoring of heavy metals in agricultural soils of the Republic of Khakasia

Abstract

The production of environmentally friendly, safe food is one of the conditions contributing to the sustainable development of rural areas. Special attention is paid to the measures aimed to prevent the ingress and accumulation of heavy metal ions in agricultural products. Most researchers deal with the content of gross forms of heavy metals in agricultural soils, while it is the mobile forms that have a significant effect on their “transition” into production and accumulation. The article presents the results of studies on the content of mobile forms of cadmium, lead and copper in agricultural soils in different landscape and climatic zones of the Republic of Khakassia. It was found that the average values of concentrations of the mobile forms of heavy metals in the humus layer are within the maximum permissible concentrations. The content of lead varies from 0.3 to 2.2 mg / kg, copper - from 0.18 to 0.4 mg / kg, cadmium - from 0.01 to 0.2 mg / kg. The content of mobile forms of cadmium, lead and copper varies from year to year. During the monitoring, the oscillatory dynamics of changes in the concentration of heavy metals in the soil was revealed. The ratio of mobile forms of heavy metals (Pb: Cu: Cd) decreases in the following sequence: chestnut soils → southern chernozems → ordinary and leached chernozems → gray forest and soddy-podzolic soils.