Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus is widespread among cattle, sheep and goats in seasonal pastures. Moreover, this invasion is considered one of the most dangerous zoonoses. The purpose of this work was to compare the indicators of the extensiveness and intensity of invasion of different-aged slaughter livestock (fattening bulls of 1.5–2 years old and 4–7 years old cows) from the herds of four regions of Azerbaijan located in different zones of the country. Based on the results of the expertise of 100 carcasses from each region, it was concluded that the indicators of the extensiveness of the invasion of echinococcosis in cattle were similar and ranged from 21.0–25.0 % with the invasion intensity of 9.36–11.96 specimens of cysts/carcass. To identify larvocysts of Echinococcus granulosus, the carcasses and internal organs of cattle (lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, heart) were examined. In this case, the extensiveness (EI) and intensity (II) of echinococcosis invasion were established. The indicator of the latter was the number of larvocysts detected in the examined organs of the invaded cattle. Their localization and accounting were determined by counting the echinococcal larvocysts separately in three positions: liver, lungs and others (abdominal cavity, kidneys, spleen and heart). In many cases (73.6 %) the larvocysts were simultaneously found in the liver and lungs. There is a tendency towards an increase in the incidence rate of cattle with age. So, the extensiveness of the invasion of cows was 2.5 times higher than that of the young, and the intensity of invasion was 2.3 times higher. In the future, it is planned to establish the extensiveness and intensity of echinococcosis invasion among flocks of sheep arriving from summer distant mountain pastures in comparison with the number of flocks staying year-round in local near-village pastures.
Highlights
Echinococcus granulosus is widespread among cattle, sheep and goats in seasonal pastures
The purpose of this work was to compare the indicators of the extensiveness and intensity of invasion of different-aged slaughter livestock from the herds of four regions of Azerbaijan located in different zones of the country
Based on the results of the expertise of 100 carcasses from each region, it was concluded that the indicators of the extensiveness of the invasion of echinococcosis in cattle were similar and ranged from 21.0–25.0 % with the invasion intensity of 9.36–11.96 specimens of cysts/carcass
Summary
To identify larvocysts of Echinococcus granulosus, the carcasses and internal organs of cattle (lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, heart) were examined In this case, the extensiveness (EI) and intensity (II) of echinococcosis invasion were established. В Республики Дагестан эхинококкоз встречается: в популяциях взрослого зебувидного местного крупного рогатого скота с ЭИ – 28,3 %; у буйволов – 21,0 %, при ИИ, соответственно, 3–42; 5–28 экз./особь. Эхинококкоз крупного рогатого скота регистрировался во всех районах республики с ЭИ, в среднем 21,7 % при ИИ 16,98 ± 1,37 экз./особь. В приусадебных хозяйствах предгорной зоны Северного Кавказа зараженность эхинококками крупного рогатого скота колеблется в пределах 25,7– 36,4 % при интенсивности инвазии до 23,0 экз. В горных районах зараженность закавказской популяции туров ларвоцыстами E. granulosus составила 9,2 % при интенсивности инвазии 1– 7 экз./гол. В последние годы отмечается распространение этого заболевания не только среди сельского, но и городского населения, причем в большинстве случаев – среди лиц молодого и зрелого возрастов, что еще раз подчеркивает социальную значимость этой проблемы (Agaeva, 2020)
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