Abstract
The single-humped camel, Camelus dromedaries inhabiting Afro-Arabia and the double-humped camel, Camelus bactrianus inhabiting central Asia are the only species in th eir genus. The present study aimed to amplify and partially sequence the mitochondrial DN A genes encoding for NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, ATP synthase subunit 6 (ATP6), cytochrome b and displacement region (d-loop) in the single-humped camel and compare it to their counterparts already sequenced for the dou blehumped camel. These energy-related genes showed amino acid substitutions gradually increased according to their locations among macromolecular energy transducers. Both ATP synthase 6 in the central core and cytochrome b in the inner mitochondrial membrane acquired the greatest substitutions of 5 and 7 amino acids, respectively. Cytochrome c oxidase is the terminal complex of the electron transport chain of the inne r mitochondrial membrane and it showed no substitutions. These substitutions seemed to be correlated wit h the energy metabolism in both camel phenotypes. The d-loop showed tandem repeats of six nucleotides at its 3` end with polymorphism between both species without any evidence relates such variation to energy productio n.
Highlights
Camel stores its energy reserves in the form of fat in different body fat depots of which the hump and abdomenThe genus Camelus posseses two species, the singlehumped Camelus dromedaries and the double-humped Camelus bactrianus
These substitutions seemed to be correlated with the energy metabolism in both camel phenotypes
The present study focused on sequencing some mitochondrial genes related to energy metabolism such as NADH subunit 1 (ND1), cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1), ATP synthase 6 (ATP6), cytochrome b and displacement region (d-loop)
Summary
Camel stores its energy reserves in the form of fat in different body fat depots of which the hump and abdomen. The genus Camelus posseses two species, the singlehumped Camelus dromedaries and the double-humped Camelus bactrianus. Camel has been historically and economically an important species worldwide especially in the Arabian Peninsula where Saudi camels comprise 16% of the animal biomass (AlSwailem et al, 2010). Both Bactrian and Arabian camels live in desert areas. The geographic range for Arabian camel is Northern Africa and the Middle East. The Arabian camel overlaps with the Bactrian one in the areas of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Southwest Asia (Burton, 1972; Cockrill, 1984)
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