Molecular Portrait of an Athlete.

Alexander A Stepanov,Kristina A Malsagova,Anna L Kaysheva,Alexander A Izotov,Arthur T Kopylov,Tatyana V Butkova,Vladimir R Rudnev,Mikhail S Klyuchnikov

doi:10.3390/diagnostics11061095

Abstract

Sequencing of the human genome and further developments in “omics” technologies have opened up new possibilities in the study of molecular mechanisms underlying athletic performance. It is expected that molecular markers associated with the development and manifestation of physical qualities (speed, strength, endurance, agility, and flexibility) can be successfully used in the selection systems in sports. This includes the choice of sports specialization, optimization of the training process, and assessment of the current functional state of an athlete (such as overtraining). This review summarizes and analyzes the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies conducted in the field of sports medicine.

Highlights

Molecular Portrait of an Athlete.Sports medicine is the newest field in clinical and theoretical medicine and has significantly impacted the development of the mass physical culture movement and elite sports [1]
The main goal of the training process in sports is to achieve the greatest cumulative adaptive effect which should be reflected in an increase in performance indicators, endurance and an improvement in sports results [4]
Available sports infrastructure into account, it is necessary to improve the recommendations made to young athletes for the early detection of a predisposition to engage in specific sports by using physiological, medico-biochemical, and molecular genetic methods

Summary

Introduction

Molecular Portrait of an Athlete.Sports medicine is the newest field in clinical and theoretical medicine and has significantly impacted the development of the mass physical culture movement (wellness) and elite sports [1]. The field of sports medicine emerged from the accumulative advancements made by physiologists, biochemists, and representatives of other medical and biological disciplines. It is focused on the preventive direction and studies a wide range of independent problems associated with the study of the functional state of an athlete’s body in combination with the clinical criteria of medical control. A state of fatigue or overtraining develops [5] Such a state can develop in both beginners and high-class athletes who will require qualified training correction and a monitoring of their recovery process [5,6]. The correctness of the choice of critical values of the duration and intensity of the performed exercise/set of exercises is confirmed by studying the dynamics of the molecular, biomedical, and psychological indicators [7,8,9]

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Conclusion