Abstract
Developing a universal strategy to design piezochromic luminescent materials with desirable properties remains challenging. Here, we report that insertion of a non-emissive molecule into a donor (perylene) and acceptor (1,2,4,5-tetracyanobezene) binary cocrystal can realize fine manipulation of intermolecular interactions between perylene and 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobezene (TCNB) for desirable piezochromic luminescent properties. A continuous pressure-induced emission enhancement up to 3 GPa and a blue shift from 655 to 619 nm have been observed in perylene-TCNB cocrystals upon THF insertion, in contrast to the red-shifted and quenched emission observed when compressing perylene-TCNB cocrystals and other cocrystals reported earlier. By combining experiment with theory, it is further revealed that the inserted non-emissive THF forms blue-shifting hydrogen bonds with neighboring TCNB molecules and promote a conformation change of perylene molecules upon compression, causing the blue-shifted and enhanced emission. This strategy remains valid when inserting other molecules as non-emissive component into perylene-TCNB cocrystals for abnormal piezochromic luminescent behaviors.
Highlights
Developing a universal strategy to design piezochromic luminescent materials with desirable properties remains challenging
Our results show that molecular insertion can modify and control the interactions between donor and acceptor in a cocrystal
To examine if this strategy is universal for constructing new piezochromic luminescent materials, some other molecules, such as 1,4-dioxane, pyridine, m-xylene, CCl4, benzene, and toluene have been studied
Summary
Developing a universal strategy to design piezochromic luminescent materials with desirable properties remains challenging. Most of the IR peaks of PTCs were gradually blue-shifted and broadening (Fig. 4b), showing a common pressure evolution as observed in other molecular crystals[25,35,36].
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