Abstract
As part of the biomimetic enzyme field, nanomaterial-based artificial enzymes, or nanozymes, have been recognized as highly stable and low-cost alternatives to their natural counterparts. The discovery of enzyme-like activities in nanomaterials triggered a broad range of designs with various composition, size, and shape. An overview of the properties of nanozymes is given, including some examples of enzyme mimics for multiple biosensing approaches. The limitations of nanozymes regarding lack of selectivity and low catalytic efficiency may be surpassed by their easy surface modification, and it is possible to tune specific properties. From this perspective, molecularly imprinted polymers have been successfully combined with nanozymes as biomimetic receptors conferring selectivity and improving catalytic performance. Compelling works on constructing imprinted polymer layers on nanozymes to achieve enhanced catalytic efficiency and selective recognition, requisites for broad implementation in biosensing devices, are reviewed. Multimodal biomimetic enzyme-like biosensing platforms can offer additional advantages concerning responsiveness to different microenvironments and external stimuli. Ultimately, progress in biomimetic imprinted nanozymes may open new horizons in a wide range of biosensing applications.
Highlights
The synergy gained by using molecular imprinting technology to create selective substrate binding sites on nanozymes has been reasoned as a solution to solve the obstacle of missing specificity
molecularly imprinted polymersRaman (MIPs) are biomimetic, low-cost, and stable materials that can be produced on a large scale
The intrinsic catalytic activity of nanozymes can be improved by designing nanomaterial cores technology to create selective substrate binding sites on nanozymes has been reasoned of 19 to solve the obstacle of missing specificity
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The disadvantages related to poor stability and reusability, along with high costs for preparation and purification, have led to efforts in designing synthetic mimics [3] The research in this field spreads from semisynthetic approaches (e.g., genetic modification of natural enzymes) to artificial systems (e.g., cyclodextrins, metal complexes, porphyrins, dendrimers, polymers) [2,4]. Other enzymeThe discovered nanozymes so far can broadly function as oxidoreductases, namely like activities by carbon-based materials, Zr- and Cu-based MOFs and Au NPs modified as peroxidase, oxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase mimics [9]. Can achieve single- and multiple-enzyme mimicking, or nanocomposites to benefit from their synergistic effects and enhanced catalytic performance [20,21] Peroxidases, such as HRP, are widely used in biosensor devices and they catalyze the oxidation of substrates by a peroxide, such as H2O2.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
