Abstract
Oriental beech tree (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) is one of the significant tree species from ecological, economical and commercial point of views in Hyrcanian forest of Iran. This valuable tree is mostly found in the Hyrcanian forest of Iran. Like other forest ecosystems, there are vital symbiotic relationships between tree species and several microorganisms, especially mycorrhizae. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play an important role in the forest ecosystems. They uptake heavy metals and other toxic materials from the land. Hence, the identification of these organisms would provide knowledge on the forest management. Sampling was conducted in 1500–2100 m altitude. The fungi were collected on Oriental beech trees from Savad-Kooh forest (located in Mazandarn, Iran) and identified by molecular method. For molecular verification of the fungal species, roots were identified by rDNA-ITS analysis. The sequences of the ITS regions of the nuclear rDNA were obtained and compared with those present in the GenBank. Thirty fungal species were identified in beech communities. Cortinariaceae and Inocybacea families with 50 and 7% had the highest and lowest plenty, respectively. Moreover, twelve species of ectomycorrhizal fungi were identified as first reported for Iran and twelve species of ectomycorrhizal new host in the world. This valuable species grows in Hyrcanian forest of north Iran. Oriental beech lives in contact with other plants and microorganisms especially mycorrhiza. Collection and identification of ECM fungi were done in Hyrcanian forests which are habitation of Oriental beech forests. The members of Cortinariaceae and Inocybacea families were most predominate among other fungi. Nonetheless, twelve fungal species were found as new report in ITS region for Iranian fungal flora.
Published Version
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