Abstract
Aim. To develop and test a molecular-genetic technology for evaluation of a genetic predisposition to thrombogenic diseases, bone fractures and emotional disruptions resulting from physical and emotional loads. Methods. Molecular genetic analysis was carried out by PCR. Polymorphisms of F2 and F5 genes were analyzed to assess the risk of thrombus formation. Polymorphisms of VDR, COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes were analyzed to determine a bone fracture risk. Genetic stress resistance was identified by genes of dopaminergic system (DRD2, DRD4) and serotoninergic system (HTR2A, 5-HTTVNTR and 5-HTTLPR). The HADS, Maslach and Boyko psychological tests were used. Results. It was revealed that 4.3 % of the tested athletes are carriers of Leiden mutation and 2.2 % – of prothrombin gene mutation. It was shown that polymorphisms ApaI and BsmI of VDR gene are the most informative for bone fracture risk detection. Some variants and combinations of genes were shown to be the most informative for a stress-resistance identification. Conclusions. The technology for risk evaluation of different pathologies resulting from physical and emotional loads has been developed and tested.
 Keywords: sport, stress-resistance, bone fractures, gene polymorphisms, PCR analysis.
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