Abstract
Enterovirus B75 (EV-B75) is a newly identified serotype of the enterovirus B species. To date, only 112 cases related to EV-B75 have been reported worldwide, and research on EV-B75 is still limited with only two full-length genome sequences available in GenBank. The present study reported seven EV-B75 sequences from a child with acute flaccid paralysis and six asymptomatic close contacts in Shigatse, Tibet. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Tibetan strain was possibly imported from neighboring India. Seroepidemiological analyses indicated that EV-B75 has not yet caused a large-scale epidemic in Tibet. Similarity plots and boot scanning analyses revealed frequent intertypic recombination in the non-structural region of all seven Tibet EV-B75 strains. All seven Tibetan strains were temperature-sensitive, suggesting their poor transmissibility in the environment. Overall, though the seven Tibetan strains did not cause large-scale infection, prevention and control of the novel enterovirus cannot be underestimated.
Highlights
IntroductionEnteroviruses (genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae) are divided into 15 species assigned to enteric enterovirus (EV) A–L and respiratory rhinovirus A–C (Walker et al, 2019)
Enteroviruses are divided into 15 species assigned to enteric enterovirus (EV) A–L and respiratory rhinovirus A–C (Walker et al, 2019)
The case reports of Enterovirus B75 (EV-B75) in Spain were relatively concentrated, with one report of six aseptic meningitis-related cases isolated from children’s hospitals in 2005, which was the only report of EV-B75 related to aseptic meningitis worldwide, and another report of the eight encephalitis-associated strains isolated the year (Cabrerizo et al, 2008)
Summary
Enteroviruses (genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae) are divided into 15 species assigned to enteric enterovirus (EV) A–L and respiratory rhinovirus A–C (Walker et al, 2019). Human pathogenic enteroviruses are classified under EV-A–D, including poliovirus (PV) (I–III), coxsackievirus (CV), echovirus, and novel enteroviruses. These diverse serotypes cause a diverse array of clinical features such as aseptic meningitis, hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD), neonatal sepsis-like disease, pancreatitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, pericarditis, acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), and severe respiratory disease. As per the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) classification, enteroviruses newly discovered after 1976 are named as novel enteroviruses, namely EV-D68 to the current EV-A121, with a total of 53 genotypes. Most novel enteroviruses are not the main pathogens of intestinal-transmitted diseases and rarely cause concentrated outbreaks worldwide.
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