Abstract
Parainfluenza virus type 5 (PIV-5) causes respiratory infection in several animal species and humans. Canine parainfluenza virus type 5 (CPIV-5) causes respiratory disease in domestic dogs worldwide. In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of CPIV-5 in dogs with respiratory symptoms from small animal hospitals in Thailand from November 2015 to December 2018. Our results showed that 32 out of 571 nasal swab samples (5.6%) were positive for CPIV-5 by RT-PCR specific to the NP gene. To characterize the viruses, three representative CPIV-5 were subjected to whole genome sequencing, and an additional ten CPIV-5 were subjected to HN, F, SH and V/P gene sequencing. Pairwise sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed that Thai CPIV-5 was closely related to the CPIV-5 isolated from China and Korea. In conclusion, this study constitutes a whole genome characterization of CPIV-5 from dogs in Thailand. The surveillance of CPIV-5 should be further investigated at a larger scale to determine the dynamics, distribution and potential zoonotic transmission of CPIV-5.
Highlights
Parainfluenza virus (PIV) is an enveloped, nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus
We investigated canine parainfluenza type 5 (CPIV-5) infection in dogs with respiratory symptoms from November 2015 to December 2018
Our results showed that 5.6% (32/571) of nasal swab samples were positive for Canine parainfluenza virus type 5 (CPIV-5)
Summary
Parainfluenza virus (PIV) is an enveloped, nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus. PIV-5 belongs to the family Paramyxoviridiae, genus Rubulavirus. PIV-5 has been reported to infect and cause respiratory disease in several host species. The disease caused by PIV-5 in humans are still unclear. PIV-5 has been reported in several host species including pigs, cattle, dogs, hamsters, ferrets, monkeys, calves, lesser pandas and guinea pigs[10,13,14]. Canine parainfluenza virus type 5 (CPIV-5) was first isolated from dogs with respiratory signs in 1967 and was first named canine parainfluenza virus type 2 (CPIV-2) due to it causing a respiratory disease similar to that of human parainfluenza type 2 (HPIV-2)[16]. Some studies have supported the hypothesis that genetic characteristics between PIV-5 isolated from canines and humans are highly similar with fewer nucleotide. Virus CU-D58 CU-D103 CU-D133 CU-D151 CU-D373 CU-D376 CU-D381 CU-D399 CU-D400 CU-D406 CU-D466 CU-D585 CU-D20804 CU-D361 CU-D369 CU-D370 CU-D371 CU-D372 CU-D377 CU-D380 CU-D390 CU-D483 CU-D489 CU-D493 CU-D497 CU-D20273 CU-D20277 CU-D20364 CU-D20384 CU-D20803 CU-D21496 CU-D22309
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