Molecular Characterisation Of Growth Hormone (Gh) Gene In Indian Dromedary And Bactrian Camel

Abstract

Molecular characterisation of 613 bp long growth hormone (GH) gene fragment spanning partial exon-1, intron-1, exon-2 and partial intron-2 was done in Indian (one humped) dromedary and Indian (double humped) bactrian camel through PCR amplification, sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The sequence variations within and between single and double humped Indian camels were observed. In the Indian single humped camels of Mewari, Kachchhi and Bikaneri breed at position 264 C>T variation was seen. At this particular locus animals with single and double peaks in the sequence chromatograms were observed. Accordingly, two allele (C, T) and three genotype (CC, CT, and TT) were identified in the Indian dromedary camels. In Indian Bactrian camel at position 264 only C allele and CC genotype was identified. In double humped camel at position 242, A>G and at position 469 G>A transition variation was observed compared to single humped camel. The different sequences obtained were submitted to NCBI and Gen Bank Accession No. MT478653 for C allele Indian Dromedary, MT478654 for T allele Indian Dromedary and MT478655 for Indian Bactrian camel were obtained. Similarity ranging from 98% to 100 % was observed with available GH Sequences of camel at GenBank. Camel sequence was found to have close similarity with other Camelidae family members like Lamapacos (97.07%) and Lamaglama (96.58%). The evolutionary relationship between sequences showed close relationship between dromedary and bactrian camel followed by vicugna and llama. The domesticated species like cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, yak and mithun were distantly related to camel. The present study showed close similarity between GH gene sequence pattern of Indian one and double humped camel except transition variation at two positions in bactrian camel.