Abstract
Both morphological and protein studies reveal that differences are observed between resistant Synedrella nodiflora against fomesafen and its susceptible wildtype. These are, however, more or less influenced by environmental factors, so that molecular analysis employing DNA markers is necessarily required. The methods involved total genomic DNA extraction using modified CTAB protocol following Doyle & Doyle (1990), RAPD marker amplification and visualization of RAPD markers prior to data analysis. Ten RAPD markers were used, but only seven of them showed polymorphism. Calculation of genetic distance and variation was carried out employing PopGen software.Based on the RAPD markers used in this study, it can be concluded that genetic distance between susceptible and resistant S. nodiflora is higher than that within susceptible samples supporting our previous morphological and protein data, although genetic variation among susceptible individuals seems to be significantly high.
Highlights
Synedrella nodiflora is a weed species commonly found to grow very rapidly in legume crops potentially causing serious agronomic problems
As many as 3,000 seeds ready to grow can be produced by a single plant, since they are not subject to dormancy. This eventually results in high variabilty. When these diverse plant individuals are controlled with fomesafen at a lethal dose, considerably various resistance against the herbicide will arise, and recurrent application in a long period of time may increase the resistance
Susceptible and resistant S. nodiflora against fomesafen show morphological differences, one of which is in terms of plant vigor
Summary
Synedrella nodiflora is a weed species commonly found to grow very rapidly in legume crops potentially causing serious agronomic problems. The plant is vigorous with wider and more compact leaves, indicating higher competitive capacity for survival than its susceptible wildtype, resulting in higher capacity to compete with legume crops, such as ground nut. This reduces the yield of ground nut. It is assumed that this protein band can be resistance marker of S. nodiflora against Reflex application (Dwiati & Susanto, 2015) Both morphological and protein characters are, more or less influenced by environmental factors since they are phenotypes resulting from the interaction between genotype and environment. RAPD is one of DNA markers widely used in the studies of genetic diversity in various crop species, including those in terms of plant resistance. Since no RAPD charac-terization for S. nodiflora resistance against fomesafen has been reported so far, here we are presenting RAPD profile to verify our previous morphology and protein studies
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