Abstract
Agrobacterium rhizogenes incites hairy root disease of plants. The disease is closely related to crown gall disease due to strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The ability of both bacteria to cause plant tumors is encoded by the large virulence plasmids in the respective strains. The virulence plasmid of A. rhizogenes has become known as the root-inducing (Ri) plasmid, to distinguish the plasmid from the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid of A. tumefaciens. The underlying mechanisms for hairy root and crown gall disease are very similar. Therefore, this review will not discuss the extensive literature pertaining to the Ti plasmid except where necessary for comparison to the Ri plasmid. However, an understanding of the Ri plasmid as permitted by present knowledge is incomplete without consideration of the Ti plasmid, and the reader is referred to other chapters in this book and recent reviews (Zambryski et al., 1983; Nester et al., 1984).
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