Abstract
Introduction The energy-saving strategies are used by diverse species of mammals to survive stressful environmental conditions. One of these strategies known as hibernation is a unique physiological state characterized by a profound yet reversible sleep-like state. In torpid animals, metabolic rate is decreased to about 2% while the demand for oxygen
Highlights
The energy-saving strategies are used by diverse species of mammals to survive stressful environmental conditions
It was previously demonstrated that structural changes of the bronchial airway through hibernation is similar to what could be observed in lung remodeling as seen in obstructive lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung fibrosis [2]
Airway remodeling brings about structural changes in the number, mass, size and/or composition of the airway tissues which are manifested by an increase in collagen and smooth muscle actin (SMA) that could lead to peri-bronchial and peri-bronchoalveolar fibrosis and smooth muscle cell hyperplasia in asthma
Summary
The energy-saving strategies are used by diverse species of mammals to survive stressful environmental conditions One of these strategies known as hibernation is a unique physiological state characterized by a profound yet reversible sleep-like state. Hibernating animals have a low rate of protein synthesis and metabolism throughout the torpid phase which in combination with different bio-molecular and structural alterations help them to survive the harsh winter environmental conditions. The main characteristics of lung remodeling observed during torpor in the Syrian hamster are the increase in collagen and SMA accompanied by significant asthma-like structural changes such as increased matrix deposition in airway wall and increased airway smooth muscle mass leading to wall thickening together with changes in remodeling-associated proteins such as upregulation of TGF-β and ACE but without any significant involvement of immune
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